There are many kinds of yarns with different properties. It can be pure spun yarn made of natural fibers or various chemical staple fibers, blended yarn made of several fibers, and filament yarn made of chemical fibers by direct spinning. Generally, it can be classified according to the raw material used, yarn diameter, spinning method, spinning system, yarn structure and yarn use.
By yarn material
1. Pure spinning: pure spinning is made of a kind of fiber material, such as cotton yarn, wool yarn, hemp yarn and silk yarn. This kind of yarn is suitable for making pure textiles.
2. Blended yarn: blended yarn is made of two or more fibers, such as polyester and cotton blended yarn, wool and viscose blended yarn, etc. These yarns are used in fabrics that highlight the advantages of both fibers.
By yarn size
1. Coarse tex yarn: coarse tex yarn refers to the yarn of 32 tex and above (18 British yarn and below). This kind of yarn is suitable for thick fabrics, such as tweed and plain cloth.
2. ZHONGTE yarn: ZHONGTE yarn refers to 21 ~ 32 tex (19 ~ 28 British yarn). This kind of yarn is suitable for medium and thick fabrics, such as medium plain cloth, gabardine, khaki, etc.
3. Fine tex yarn: fine tex yarn refers to 11 ~ 20 tex (29 ~ 54 British yarn). This kind of yarn is suitable for thin fabrics, such as fine cloth, poplin, etc.
4. Superfine yarn: Superfine yarn refers to the yarn of 10 tex or less (58pcs or more). This kind of yarn is suitable for high-grade fine fabrics, such as high count shirt, worsted close fitting sweater, etc
By spinning system
1. worsted yarn: worsted yarn, also known as combed yarn, refers to the yarn made by combing process, including combed cotton yarn and combed yarn. The fiber in the yarn has high parallel straightness, uniform dry and smooth, but the cost is high and the yarn support is high. Combed yarn is mainly used for high-grade fabrics and knitwear raw materials, such as spinning, Huada, flower, wool, etc.
2. roving: roving yarn, also known as coarse carding yarn or plain combed cotton yarn, refers to the yarn that is combed according to the general spinning system and is not spun through combing process. The short fiber content in roving yarn is more, the parallel straightness of the fiber is poor, the structure is loose, the wool is more, the yarn count is low and the quality is poor. This kind of yarn is mainly used for raw materials of general fabrics and knitwear, such as woolen fabric, medium and special cotton fabric, etc.
3. waste spinning: Waste spinning refers to the yarn made from textile leftovers (waste cotton) or mixed with low-grade raw materials. Yarn quality is poor, soft, uneven dry, containing many miscellaneous, color is poor, generally used to weave coarse cotton blanket, thick flannelette and packaging cloth and other low-grade fabrics.
By spinning method
1. ring spinning ring yarn refers to the yarn made by twisting on the ring spinning machine by traditional spinning method. The fiber in the yarn is wound inside and outside, the yarn structure is close and the strength is high. But because a set of mechanisms are used to complete the twisting and winding work at the same time, the production efficiency is limited. This kind of yarn is widely used in various fabrics, knots and ropes.
2. free end yarn: free end yarn refers to the fiber condensing and twisting into yarn in the flow field of high-speed spinning cup or in electrostatic field. The twisting and winding of yarn are respectively completed by different parts, so the efficiency is high and the cost is low.
(1) Air flow yarn: air flow yarn, also known as rotor spinning, is to use air flow to condense and twist fibers in high-speed spinning cups to produce yarn. The yarn structure is loose, wear-resistant, uniform dry and bright in dyeing, but the strength is lower than that of ring yarn. This kind of yarn is mainly used for the flat cloth with loose and thick in woven fabrics, the good feeling of the flannel and the knitting category.
(2) Electrostatic yarn: electrostatic yarn is a yarn made by using electrostatic field to condense and twist the fibers. The yarn structure is the same as the air flow yarn, and its use is similar to that of air flow yarn.
(3) Eddy current yarn: eddy current yarn is made by using fixed eddy current spinning tube instead of high speed spinning cup. The yarn has many bending fibers, low strength and poor evenness of strip drying, but the dyeing and wear resistance are better. This kind of yarn is mainly used for cashmere fabrics, such as suede, sportswear, etc.
(4) Dust cage yarn: also known as friction spinning, it is a yarn made by using a pair of dust cages to condense and twist the fibers. The yarn is layered, the core twist is large, the hand feel is hard, the outer layer twist is small and the hand feel is soft. This kind of yarn is mainly used for industrial textiles and decorative fabrics, and also can be used in outerwear (such as work clothes and protective clothing).
3. non free end yarn: non free end yarn is another new spinning method different from free end yarn. That is, in the process of twisting the fiber, the two ends of the fiber strip are held, not free end. The new yarn includes self twisting yarn, jet yarn and core spun yarn.
(1) Self twisting yarn: self twisting yarn is a new type of yarn with non free end. It is used to apply false twist to two yarn strips through reciprocating roller. When the yarn is parallel to the yarn, it is twisted into yarn by the force of twisting back rotation. The yarn has uneven twist, and there is no twist section on a yarn, so the yarn strength is low. It is suitable for wool yarn and chemical fiber yarn, and it is suitable for fancy and suede fabrics.
(2) Jet yarn is a yarn which is made by using the high-speed jet eddy current produced by compressed air, which is made by false twisting and wrapping and kinking. The yarn is of unique structure, almost no twist in the core, and the wrapped fiber is randomly wrapped. The yarn is loose, the hand feel is rough and the strength is low. These yarns can be processed from woven and knitted fabrics, as men's and women's shirts, sportswear and work clothes.
(3) Core yarn: core spun yarn is a kind of yarn which is spun by using filament as the core and outsourcing short fiber. It also has the advantages of core filament and short fiber, which makes the yarn forming performance exceed single fiber. The common yarn core filament includes polyester, nylon and spandex, and the short fiber is often used for short fiber, polyester / cotton, acrylic, wool, etc. Core yarn is mainly used as sewing thread, shirt fabric, rotten fabric and elastic fabric.
By yarn structure
1. single yarn: single yarn refers to yarn with only one strand of fiber bundle twisting. It can be spun into pure spinning from one raw material, thus forming pure textile, or by two or more raw materials to form blended yarn, thus forming a blended fabric.
2. strand: the strand is a thread made of two or more single yarns twisted together. Its strength and wear resistance are better than single yarn. At the same time, the strands can be combined and twisted in a certain way to obtain the twisted strands, such as double strand line, three strand line and multi strand line. It is mainly used for sewing, knitting or medium thick and strong fabrics.
3. monofilament: a single filament is made up of a fiber filament. The diameter of the fiber filament depends on the thickness and fineness of the filament. Generally, it is only used for processing thin and thin fabrics or knitted fabrics, such as nylon socks, veil towels, etc.
4. deformed yarn: the deformed yarn is made of the synthetic fiber filament, which is obtained from straightening to curling, also known as deformation yarn or processing wire. The deformed yarn includes high elastic yarn, low elastic yarn, expanded yarn and network yarn.
(1) High elastic wire: high elastic wire or high elastic deformation wire has high scalability, but the expansion is general. It is mainly used for elastic fabrics, mainly nylon high elastic silk.
(2) Low elastic wire: low elastic wire or deformed elastic wire has moderate scalability and swelling. It is mainly used in knitting fabric, and polyester low elastic silk is more.
(3) Puff yarn: the expanded yarn has low scalability and high swelling. It is mainly used as fabric with good swelling property such as wool, underwear or coat. Its typical representative is acrylic expanded yarn, also known as cashmere.
(4) Network wire: network wire, also known as cross winding wire, is formed by holding some fibers together when the chemical fiber is not formed. This silk has soft hand feel, loose and good wool imitation effect, and is mostly used for women. In recent years, the popular golf is also made of this silk fabric.
6. fancy yarn: fancy yarn refers to the yarn which obtains special appearance, feel, structure and texture through various processing methods. There are three main types:
(1) Color line: the color line refers to the yarn mixed with the base yarn according to a certain proportion, so that the yarn presents distinct length, size and color point yarn, such as color dot line, rainbow line, etc. This yarn is mostly used for women's clothing and men's jacket.
(2) Fancy line: fancy line is yarn with various appearance characteristics obtained by using the principle of super feeding, such as loop, bamboo, spiral, knot line, etc. The fabric made of such yarn has a loose, soft and warm feel, and has a unique appearance and strong stereoscopic feeling. It can be used for light and thin summer fabrics, as well as heavy winter fabrics. It can be used as both clothing and decoration materials.
(3) Special fancy line: special fancy line mainly refers to gold and silver silk, chenille line, etc. Gold and silver silk mainly refers to the gold and silver wire obtained by sandwiching aluminum sheet between polyester film or steaming on polyester film. It can be used for both fabric and decorative sewing thread, which makes the surface of fabric bright. Chenille yarn is a special fancy yarn, which holds the fiber on the core yarn of the joint, like a bottle brush. It is soft in hand and widely used in flocking and ear decoration fabrics.
By yarn usage
1. woven yarn: the yarn used for machine-made fabric refers to the yarn used for processing woven fabrics, which can be divided into warp yarn and weft yarn. Warp yarn is used as longitudinal yarn of fabric, which has the characteristics of large twist, high strength and good wear resistance; Weft yarn is used as the transverse yarn of fabric, which has the characteristics of small twist, low strength and soft.
2. knitting yarn: knitting yarn is the yarn used for knitted fabric. Yarn quality requirements are high, twist is small, and strength is moderate.
3. other yarn: including sewing thread, embroidery thread, knitting thread, miscellaneous thread, etc. According to the different purposes, the requirements for these yarns are different.
